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What are the functions of car synchronizers?

Since the transmission input shaft and the output shaft rotate at their respective speeds, there is a "synchronization" problem when shifting gear positions.

Since the transmission input shaft and the output shaft rotate at their respective speeds, there is a "synchronization" problem when shifting gear positions. If the two rotating speeds are different, the gears will forcibly mesh and the impact will be damaged and the gears will be damaged. Therefore, the shifting of the old transmission should adopt the "two-leg clutch" mode, the upshift should stay in the neutral position for a while, and the downshift should be added to the throttle in the neutral position to reduce the difference in the rotational speed of the gear. But this operation is more complicated and difficult to grasp accurately. Therefore, the designer creates a "synchronizer" that smoothly engages the gears to be engaged by the synchronizer at a uniform speed. The synchronizer has a constant pressure type and an inertia type. Searching for all the synchronous transmissions currently used is an inertial synchronizer, which is mainly composed of a joint sleeve, a synchronous lock ring, etc., which is characterized by friction to achieve synchronization. The ring sleeve (locking angle) is provided on the ring gear of the engaging sleeve, the synchronizing locking ring and the gear to be engaged, and the inner tapered surface of the synchronous locking ring is in contact with the outer tapered surface of the gear ring to be engaged to generate friction. The locking angle and the taper surface have been properly selected at the time of design. The taper friction causes the toothed sleeve to be meshed to be rapidly synchronized with the ring gear, and at the same time, a locking action is generated to prevent the gear from meshing before synchronization. When the inner tapered surface of the synchronous lock ring is in contact with the outer tapered surface of the gear ring to be engaged, the gear speed rapidly decreases (or rises) under the action of the friction torque to the same speed as the synchronous lock ring, and the two rotate synchronously, and the gear is opposite to the gear. The speed of the synchronizing lock ring is zero, and the moment of inertia also disappears. At this time, under the force of the force, the sleeve is unimpededly engaged with the synchronizing ring ring gear and further engaged with the ring gear of the gear to be engaged. Shift process.